Despite their best efforts, no scientist has ever come close to stopping humans from aging. Anti-aging creams, lotions, potions, crystals and wizard spells can’t stop Old Father Time.
But new research from Brigham Young University reveals you may be able to slow one type of aging—the kind that happens inside your cells. As long as you’re willing to sweat.
“Just because you’re 40, doesn’t mean you’re 40 years old biologically,” Tucker said. “We all know people that seem younger than their actual age. The more physically active we are, the less biological aging takes place in our bodies.”
The study, published in the medical journal Preventative Medicine, finds that people who have consistently high levels of physical activity have significantly longer telomeres than those who have sedentary lifestyles, as well as those who are moderately active.
Telomeres are the protein endcaps of our chromosomes. They’re like our biological clock and they’re extremely correlated with age; each time a cell replicates, we lose a tiny bit of the endcaps. Therefore, the older we get, the shorter our telomeres.
Exercise science professor Larry Tucker found adults with high physical activity levels have telomeres with a biological aging advantage of nine years over those who are sedentary, and a seven-year advantage compared to those who are moderately active. To be highly active, women had to engage in 30 minutes of jogging per day (40 minutes for men), five days a week.
“If you want to see a real difference in slowing your biological aging, it appears that a little exercise won’t cut it,” Tucker said. “You have to work out regularly at high levels.”
Tucker analyzed data from 5,823 adults who participated in the CDC’s National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, one of the few indexes that includes telomere length values for study subjects. The index also includes data for 62 activities participants might have engaged in over a 30-day window, which Tucker analyzed to calculate levels of physical activity.
His study found the shortest telomeres came from sedentary people—they had 140 base pairs of DNA less at the end of their telomeres than highly active folks. Surprisingly, he also found there was no significant difference in telomere length between those with low or moderate physical activity and the sedentary people.
Although the exact mechanism for how exercise preserves telomeres is unknown, Tucker said it may be tied to inflammation and oxidative stress. Previous studies have shown telomere length is closely related to those two factors and it is known that exercise can suppress inflammation and oxidative stress over time.
“We know that regular physical activity helps to reduce mortality and prolong life, and now we know part of that advantage may be due to the preservation of telomeres,” Tucker said.
amnsisc on May 11st, 2017 at 00:37 UTC »
I'm skeptical of telomere length stuff, because telomeres are biomarkers--they mark, but do not necessarily cause, what we think they do.
For example, neuronal plaque is an inconsistent marker of dementia--some with dementia don't have it and some who have it, don't have dementia!--though, it is reliably present in Alzheimer's enough that it was pursued. Nonetheless, reducing plaques doesn't slow alzheimers! In fact, it may have a semi-protective function (for the record, the plaques are toxic, but nonetheless, there are toxic lesser of two evils processes all over the natural world).
With telomeres you have a lot of issues. Telomere extension has been semi-successful, BUT immortal cell lines are magnitudes more likely to become cancerous.
There is also the (admittedly far less likely) possibility that those with longer telomeres are more likely to exercise.
I wonder the following:
Does exercise increase telomere length within a single person?
Among those already predisposed to longer telomere length, does exercise augment their telomeres more or less?
Following from above, does telomere length predict life expectancy independently of those measures of fitness in the first place?
Edit: Though there has been research in the literal extension of telomere length, I misspoke highly here, as the question is the rate of shortening, not their extension.
hooperbee on May 10th, 2017 at 20:00 UTC »
I wasn't able to read the full study, just the abstract. Could anyone help me with a couple of questions? Did they look at how long those adults had been physically active, and what sort of variables were controlled for? I'm wondering whether it seems more likely that individuals who are born with longer telomeres are able to sustain higher levels of activity into adulthood, or whether exercise actually slows the rate of telomeres being shortened as an individual ages.
BocceBaller42 on May 10th, 2017 at 17:20 UTC »
link to study in Preventative Medicine: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0091743517301470