Trump had previously said he would sign the measure into law, even as he continued calling the largely Democrat-led push to release the files a "hoax.".
The bill requires Attorney General Pam Bondi to release all unclassified records related to Epstein within 30 days.
The Epstein files and the president's handling of the controversy have sparked rare disunity among Republicans in Congress and Trump's supporters.
On Tuesday, backers of the legislation and survivors of Epstein held news conference on Capitol Hill to urge lawmakers to support the release of the files.
Relatives of Virginia Giuffre, an outspoken Epstein accuser who died by suicide in April, issued a statement Wednesday night after Trump signed the bill.
In one of the emails, Epstein claimed in 2019 that Trump "knew about the girls," but he didn’t accuse Trump of any wrongdoing.
The White House has maintained that Trump threw Epstein out of his club “for being a creep.”. »